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The École Spéciale Militaire de St-Cyr was founded on May 1, 1802 by Napoleon I. The Cadets moved several times more, eventually settling in Saint-Cyr, located west of Paris, in 1808. After Waterloo (1815), the school was disbanded. Until then, 4,401had been trained, 3,338 of which had gone into the infantry. The École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr reopened in 1818 and operated until 1940. During the Nazi occupation of France in the Second World War, the school moved from Saint-Cyr, near Paris, to the south of France in Aix-en-Provence but was closed in November 1942. Allied bombings on June 12, June 20 and July 21, 1944, destroyed many buildings at the Saint-Cyr location. In 1945, the French military decided that future officers for all French armed services would train in one place. Officer training was moved to Coëtquidan in Brittany, France. Statues and monuments from the Saint-Cyr location west of Paris were brought to Coëtquidan, along with the name, spirit and tradition of the school inaugurated under Napoleon's reign. Distinguished graduates of St-Cyr include French president de Gaulle (1958-69). St-Cyr has retained many of the traditions and customs established during its first 40 years. For example, re-enactments of famous battles and ceremonies using authentic battle gear and uniforms of the period are staged every year. However, since 1802 several changes were made to the uniform and the school motto : "Ils s'instruisent pour vaincre" ("They study to overcome/conquer/win"). The IV° Bataillion : The 4th Bataillion is a recent addition to the prestigious military school and was created following a need in Officer after the 2nd world war. Consequently a specific cursus was created to integrate reserve officer cadets to the military school.